This module presents information on issues in geriatric care for Vietnamese older adults living in the United States. Information on demographics and health risks are presented to emphasize the effect of tradition as well as immigration and refugee experiences on the health of Vietnamese older adults. Also included are information on barriers to care and suggestions for assessment and treatment of older adults Vietnamese.

This module presents the small amount of information that is available related to health status and health care of older adults from Pakistani backgrounds in the U.S.

It includes some background on the population and traditional health beliefs as well as important clinical considerations.

This module presents available information about elders who identify themselves as Native Hawaiian and/or Pacific Islander, including Samoans, Tongans, Micronesians, and Marshallese among others.

This module presents information that is available related to health status and health care of elders from Korean backgrounds in the U.S. It includes some background on the population and traditional health beliefs as well as important clinical considerations.

This module reviews the demographics, history, health risks, traditional health views, and end-of-life issues of Japanese American elders. Thoughts to consider in assessment and treatment are also discussed. The module has been designed to use in conjunction with the Core Curriculum in Ethnogeriatrics.

This module presents information on the health status and health care of elder Hmong-Americans.

The module begins by providing historical background information of the Hmong including traditional health belief systems.

We advance to a literature review on the small but growing body of work on the health status of elder Hmong-Americans.

This module in the Ethnogeriatric Curriculum for Hispanic/Latino elders is designed to introduce health care trainees to important issues in the care of older Americans from Hispanic/Latino backgrounds. Included are:

• Explanations of the terms used to describe the populations
• Demographic data and sources of data available
• A review of mortality and morbidity data
• Background information on:
  1. Historical background on the specific ethnic groups
  2. Cultural traditions, health beliefs and values, including complementary and alternative medicine, palliative and end-of-life care
• Background and skills needed to provide a culturally competent geriatric assessment
• Treatment issues with Hispanic/Latino elders
• Review of access and utilization of health care

Information in the content section is based on evidence from research, and citations to the published studies are included.

This module presents information that is available related to health status and health care of older adults from Filipino backgrounds in the US. It includes some background on the population and traditional health beliefs as well as important clinical considerations.

This module is designed to provide information to increase the health care provider’s awareness of specific cultural, racial, ethnic, and tribal influences on health and health care of the older American Indian.

World view, life experiences, and the cultural context in which today’s American Indian elderly live are described as it relates to health care. Note, data depicted are relevant to the overall American Indian population but individual tribes may have higher or lower rates.

Information in the content section is based on evidence from research, and citations to the published studies are included.

This module reviews issues in health care for older adults living in the U.S from Asian Indian backgrounds. In addition to suggestions for understanding and caring for Asian Indian elders, information on demographics, historical periods of migration, and special health risks are included.

Information for the content in this module does not include citations for individual sections. Much of it is taken from the sources in the reference list.