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Demographics

 Map

» Figure 1: U.S. States with High Concentration of Hmong Americans

According to the 2000 U.S. Census there are 186,310 Hmong living in the U.S., a 97% increase since 1990.

States with the highest populations are:

  • California (95,000)
  • Minnesota (70,000)
  • Wisconsin (50,000)
  • North Carolina, (20,000)
  • Michigan (15,000)

Leaders within the Hmong American community believe these statistics are a 50-60% under representation, primarily due to language barriers in completing the census report (Doyle, 2001; Pfeifer, 2001).

The 2000 census reports that of the total number of Hmong Americans:

  • 55.6% were foreign born with 30% of these persons being naturalized citizens
  • 45.3% had no formal education
  • 34.8% were “linguistically isolated”
  • 38.4% were at or below the poverty level
  • 2.8% were 65 years or older
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