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Geriatrics

Geriatrics

Ethnogeriatrics

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Tips for Clinicians: Patient and Family Education

 In these sections, we highlight several aspects that can help clinicians promote culturally responsive care in working with Hmong American older adults.

It is important to provide culturally and linguistically appropriate information (Allen et al., 2004). Many elders have retained the oral tradition of communication. This is evidenced by the number of elder Hmong who remain in contact with family members back in Laos and Thailand by sending audiotaped messages in lieu of written letters. The audio and video method of communication has been transferred to health education (Gerdner, Xiong, & Yang, 2006).

Health care programs should not focus on individual health in isolation of the family (Frye, 1995). It is recommended that education programs support the interdependence of the family unit.

Frye (1995) suggests cultural imagery as a meaningful approach to health education for Hmong elders who are not be able to read either English or Hmong. There are a number of oral folk tales that feature a tiger to symbolize treachery. The cultural response is for the family to demonstrate solidarity against the treachery. Frye (1995) adapted this imagery for a Hmong man faced with “overwhelming stress” but was ashamed to seek social support. And “when the stress was symbolized as the treacherous tiger that he could not face alone, he was culturally able to ask for help from his clan family and his network of friends” (Frye, 1995, p. 278).

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Learning Resources

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Hmong American

  • Hmong American Older Adults
  • Learning Objectives
  • Introduction & Overview
    • History
    • Demographics
    • Spirituality/Cosmology
    • Family/Clan Structure
    • Aging Process
    • Laotian Vs. US Perception
  • Patterns of Health Risk
    • Older Adult Health Issues
      • Cancer
      • Mental Health
  • Adult Health Issues
    • Cardiovascular Disease: Experience
    • Cardiovascular Diseases: Epidemiology
    • Other Concerns

Culturally Appropriate Care

  • Fund of Knowledge
    • Traditional Health Beliefs
    • Traditional Healing Modalities
    • Herbal Medicine
    • Spiritual Illnesses
      • Shaman
      • Ritual Healers
  • Promoting Cross-Cultural Understanding
    • Nine Aspects that Promote Cross-Cultural Understanding
    • Tips for Clinicians
      • Communication
      • Establishing Rapport and Trust
      • Eliciting the Patient’s Perspective
      • Decision Making and Disclosure
      • Patient and Family Education
    • End-of-Life Care
      • Relaying a Terminal Illness
      • Advance Directives
      • Care of the Dying Person
      • Post-Mortem Care
  • Cancer Care

Learning Resources

  • Instructional Strategies: Case Study
    • Case Study: Part 1
    • Case Study: Part 2
    • Reset the Case
      • Subsequent Care: Part I
      • Subsequent Care: Part 2
      • Subsequent Care: Part 3
      • Subsequent Care: Part 4
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